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Home --> Language --> Documentary Evidence --> Of Cabbages and Kingmakers

Of Cabbages and Kingmakers

Claim:   A government memo regulating the sale of cabbages runs close to 27,000 words.

Status:   False.

Example:   [Collected on the Internet, 2000]

Pythagorean theorem: 24 words
The Lord's Prayer: 66 words
Archimedes' Principle: 67 words
The Ten Commandments: 179 words
The Gettysburg Address: 286 words
The Declaration of Independence: 1,300 words
The US government regulations on the sale of cabbage: 26,911 words

Origins:   The wordy cabbage memo is often held up as a telling illustration of needless verbosity and prime example of the sort of pointless government Cabbage spending everyone is in favor of seeing cut from the bone. It's a shame such an archetype is naught but pure invention, yet it appears it was never anything other than the product of one person's fertile imagination. Short and sweet, this much-vilified memo never existed.

Versions of the showcased list have been around for at least a half a century, with earlier ones decrying a memo by the government of France specifying the price of duck eggs, a British one referring to "shell eggs," and an American one (from 1953) about fresh fruits. While not all accounts agree on the precise number of words used in the various religious and patriotic texts pointed to as effective models of brevity, the 26,911 words expended in the cabbage tome eerily remains almost constant.

In 1977, Mobil Oil was fooled by this thing — it vectored the legend in its "Pipeline Pete" print advertisement as a bit of revealed truth. Mobil had found the item in a house organ published the year earlier by FMC Corporation, an agricultural concern in Chicago. That version went back to yet another publication that had found it printed on a card someone was carrying in his wallet.

A 1987 book (Pearls of Wisdom: A Book of Aphorisms) claimed an "EEC [European Economic Community] directive on the import of caramel and caramel products requires, apparently, no fewer than 26,911 words." Once again, someone was so charmed by a bit of authoritative-sounding apocrypha that he chose to pass it along as revealed truth.

In a 1965 case report on the great cabbage hoax, Max Hall was able to trace numerous print sightings back as far as 1951. Oral reports
gathered by him suggest it existed in the 1940s as well. Although Hall could not establish the precise origin of the story, he did conclude it might have first been applied to the Office of Price Administration (OPA) during World War II and then to the Office of Price Stabilization (OPS) in the period when price controls were in effect during the Korean War. Eventually, the claim came to be proffered as a more general ridicule of the government.

Folklore this may well be, but the future for the non-existent cabbage memo still shines bright, if recent references to it are any guide.

In 1994, David McIntosh, then serving on Vice President Dan Quayle's Council on Competitiveness, passed along the canard as one of those little facts one supplies to bolster a position. That same year, Congressman Lamar Smith used it to decry administrative excesses, as did Senator Orrin Hatch during the Regulatory Act debate in 1994.

On a lesser scale of rumor-mongering, it also pops up in a 1992 monograph on regulatory costs by economist Thomas Hopkins. A New Hampshire coalition called "Get Government Off Our Backs!" was also bruiting it about in 1994. In 1993, Jack Critchfield, chief executive officer of Florida Progress Corp., passed along the cabbage tale in a speech to the Greater Largo Chamber of Commerce. William Randolph Hearst Jr. also stated it as fact in a 1992 article calling for federal spending to be slashed, attributing it to Joe Kingsbury-Smith, the newspaper chain's national editor.

Lest one be tempted to fall into the trap of thinking the cabbage boat has sailed, a columnist in California spread the wordy memo tale as fact as late as April 2000.

The cabbage memo has so far resisted all efforts to debunk it. The Washington Post has twice run bits detailing its known history (in 1992 and 1995), as did The New Republic in 1977. The San Francisco Examiner also tried to put paid to the memo in 1995, but to no avail. Some myths are too deeply cherished to be displaced by mere fact.

Barbara "crucifer robin" Mikkelson

Sightings:   A version of the legend comes up during an episode of television's West Wing ("100,000 Airplanes," original air date 16 January 2002).

Last updated:   10 July 2007

The URL for this page is http://www.snopes.com/language/document/govmemo.asp

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  Sources Sources:
    Brunvand, Jan Harold.   The Choking Doberman.
    New York: W. W. Norton, 1984.   ISBN 0-393-30321-7   (pp. 195-196).

    Brunvand, Jan Harold.   Too Good To Be True.
    New York: W. W. Norton, 1999.   ISBN 0-393-04734-2   (pp. 283-284).

    Brunvand, Jan Harold.   "Bureaucratic Verbosity Another Legend Example."
    The San Diego Union-Tribune.   3 December 1987   (p. E2).

    Hearst, W.R. Jr.   "Slash Federal Spending."
    Seattle Post-Intelligencer.   20 September 1992   (p. D1).

    Ludlow, Lynn.   "Tall Tales."
    The San Francisco Examiner.   18 July 1995   (p. A14).

    Sawyer, Jon and Bill Lambrecht.   "Regulation: Protection or Penalty?"
    St. Louis Post-Dispatch.   5 March 1995   (p. A1).

    Smith, Lamar.   "Regulations Drain U.S. Profitability."
    San Antonio Express-News.   13 March 1996   (p. N4).

    Trimble, Bob.   "Some Word Counts to Think About."
    The [Riverside] Press-Enterprise.   29 April 2000   (p. HN3).

    Willis, Keith.   "Phantom Cabbage Regulation."
    The Washington Post.   2 September 1995   (p. A18).

    Willis, Keith.   "Apocryphal Now."
    The Washington Post.   11 October 1992   (Magazine; p. W5).

    The New Republic.   "26,911 Little Words."
    23 April 1977   (pp. 9-10).

    The [Springfield] State Journal-Register.   "Nation Can't Afford Cost of Excessive Regulations."
    2 January 1995   (p. 6).

    The [Manchester] Union Leader.   "Group Urges Downsizing Government."
    12 October 1994   (p. 6).